Indian Constitution and Politics. PYQ short questions and answers. 2022.

Constitutionalism

Constitutionalism is a political condition in which Constitution has complete power on Government. It is the basic structure of the country. 

All India Service

Article 312 of Indian Constitution talks about All India Services. 

It comprises of three prestigious civil  services of India. They are IAS(Indian Administrative Service, IPS( Indian Police Service), IFS(Indian Forest Service). 

Division of Powers

Indian Constitution devides power between Centre and state. 

Separation of powers divides the mechanism of governance into three branches i.e. Legislature, Executive and the Judiciary

Secularism

India is called a secular state because it does not have any state religion and people are free to practice any religion of their choice

Cabinet

In India cabinet is a  supreme decision making body and directing state policies. The cabinet is led by the Prime Minister. 

Dyarchy 

Dyarchy is a governmental system having two Independent authorities. In India, it followed dyarchy from 1919 to 1935. 1935 Act of Government abolished this system.

Judicial Activism 

Judicial Activism refers to ruling made by a court's order rather than Constitutional rules of law. 

It is the overactive role played by judiciary.

Soverignity

Soverignity means ultimate power. In India, the Soverigne power vested upon people. I. e the source of this power is people. Preamble of Indian  constitution guarantees Soverignity of our nation. 

Independent Judiciary 

Indian Costititution provides an Independent judiciary to protect fundamental rights and equal protection of law of land. It includes Supreme Court at the centre and High Courts at state levels. 

Collective Responsiblity

All the members of the cabinet is collectively responsible for the decision taken by them in the cabinet. 

Article 75 talks about the collective responsibility. 

Ordinance 

Inorder to take an immediate action, President can issue an ordinance. It is the legislative power of President of India. An ordinance is a law made by executives and issued by President. 

Written Constitution 

Indian Constitution is a written Constitution which means it is compiled and systamatised in a structured manner. It is well crafted.

The original text of the Constitution contained 395 articles in 22 parts and eight schedules. 

Now It contains 448 article, 25 parts and shedules. 

Flexible Constitution 

Indian Constitution is said to be flexible as well as Rigid. It is flexible because it can be amend or change in case any emergency. 

A constitution is said to be rigid when it is difficult to amend or change. 

Bicameral legislature 

A bicameral legislature is a legislature with two houses. The Indian Parliament consists of two houses- Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha